Apparatus for supplying hydrocarbon with oxygen



/WMQ/Z N. PETERS, PHOTO LITHOG WASHINVGYON. D C4 A. H. WEBSTER, OF HUDSON, NE\V YORK.

` APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING HYDROCARBON WITH OXYGEN.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 22,907, dated February 8, 1859.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, A. H. WEBSTER, of

Hudson, in the county of Columbia and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Device for Supplying Hydrocarbons with Oxygen in Order to Support Proper Combustion for Illuminating Purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of,

this specification, in which- Figure l, is a longitudinal vertical section of my invention taken in the line m, m, Fig. 2. Fig. 2, is an end view of ditto.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the two figures. This invention is designed for supplying, by mechanical means, coal-tar naphtha, benzole and other hydrocarbons with a necessary amount of oxygen to support proper combustion for illuminating purposes in such an even or regular manner that a steady flame will be produced without the least flicker.

T o enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention I will proceed to describe.

A, represents a stationary horizontal plate which is permanently'secured in a proper framing and has two bellows B, B, attached to its under side. These bellows are of usual construction having valves a, in their under sides opening upward. The bellows B, B, both communicate with a chest O, by valves Z), opening upward, said chest being attached to the upper surface of the plate A. The chest O, is formed with elastic sides c, constructed of leather, rubber cloth or other proper material that will allow the chest C, to expand and contract. The chest has a cover CZ, formed of a solid plate or board and perforated atits center as shown at e, said perforation being an eduction passage for the escape of air as will be hereinafter fully shown and described.

The bellows B, B, are each provided at their outer ends with arms or Shanks f, which are acted upon by tappet wheels D, D, placed on a shaft E. The shaft E, may be operated by clock work a weight or spring being employed as a moving power. weight being constant would probably be preferable when suflicient space can be allowed for its adoption.

In the drawings two weights F, F, `are attached by cords or chains g, g, to a shaft Gr, which shaft has a pulley 7L, on it, around which a cord or chain z', passes, said cord or chain passing around the tappet shaft E.

The operation is as follows: Vvlhen the weights F, F, are wound up, and :allowed to act they will descend by their own gravity and rotate the shaft E. The tappet wheels D, D, actuate the bellows B, B, alternately, one rising as the other falls, and a continuous blast of air will be forced into the chest C, as the tappets D, D, are so arranged that both bellows move simultaneously for an instant in one direction just previous to the reverse movement of each, or, in other words, each bellows anticipates the movevment of its fellow and commences its upward movement slightly in advance of the fall of the other. The bellows B, B, force the air into the chest C, from which it escapes through the eduction opening e, and is conveyed by any proper means to the vapor or substance which is to be impregnated or mixed with it.

The top or cover CZ, of the` chest C, is a weight and is intended to bear a certain relation to the weights F, so that the chest C, i

will serve as a regulator and cause an equal volume of air to be ejected from e, in a given time. Thus for instance, if the speed of the bellows B, B, should be checked at any time and the forcing' of air into C, be retarded the ejection of air from C, through e, will be the same, as the cover (Z, will descend, its gravity preponderating over the reduced pressure in C, and therefore the chest being compressed the air is forced therefrom by an auxiliary power-tl1e cover d, which compensates for the retardation of the bellows. And in case the speed of the bellows should be increased so as to force an increased volume of air in C, the cover d, will beraised and the chest O, will be expanded so as to allow only an equal volume to pass through e.

It will be understood that the weight F, or other power which actuates the bellows is to be made as constant as possible so that the fluctuations of the cover ci, of the chest will be comparatively slight. A weight in itself is of course always constant, but as its power is transmitted to the bellows through the medium of certain gearing there will be some variation in power, as the friction of the parts will vary according to the state of lubrication. Temperature also will in a degree affect the Working of the gearing.

The variation in the supply of oxygen to hydro-carbons While burning for illuminating purposes Will, however slight, affect the illuminating power of the flame very materially and produce a flickering light very injurious and painful to the eyes. This is especially the case in burning coal-tar naphtha, benzole and those substances which have their Vapor mixed With air previous to its reaching the jet Where it is consumed.

By my improvement the most sensitive hydro-carbone such as benZole and the like may be burned with a steady flame, the difliculty above mentioned being' fully obviated. The device operates very sensitively, the least variation in the supply of air in C, being compensated for by the movement of its cover or top plate (Z.

I am aware that oxygen has been supplied to benzole vapor by mechanical means, but, so far as I am aware the devices that have been employed are complicated and fail to perform the desired Work in a perfect manner.

I do not claim broadly and irrespective of the means employed supplying hydro-carbons with oxygen by mechanical means; but,

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is7

The arrangement and combination of the chest C, bellows B, tappet- Wheels D, and shafts E, Gr, as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

A. H. WEBSTER.

Witnesses FAYETTE M. BUTLER, E. PoEYN. 

